:root{--paper: #FAFAF7;--ink: #1B1D22;--muted: #5B606C;--rule: #D6D7D0;--tint: #EFF0EA;--link: #1D4DB0;--link-soft: rgba(29, 77, 176, .1);--serif: "STIX Two Text", "STIX Two", "Times New Roman", Times, serif;--mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;--pixel: "Silkscreen", "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, monospace;--s-1: .8125rem;--s0: 1.0625rem;--s1: 1.25rem;--s2: 1.625rem;--s3: 2.25rem;--col: 38rem;--margin: 15rem}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){--paper: #15171C;--ink: #E3E3DD;--muted: #9A9FAB;--rule: #2E313A;--tint: #1C1F26;--link: #93B2FF;--link-soft: rgba(147, 178, 255, .12);color-scheme:dark}}:root[data-theme=dark]{--paper: #15171C;--ink: #E3E3DD;--muted: #9A9FAB;--rule: #2E313A;--tint: #1C1F26;--link: #93B2FF;--link-soft: rgba(147, 178, 255, .12);color-scheme:dark}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{background:var(--paper)}body{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font:400 var(--s0)/1.6 var(--serif);padding:0 1.25rem;margin:0;font-variant-numeric:oldstyle-nums proportional-nums;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:2px}a:hover{background:var(--link-soft)}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--link);outline-offset:2px}h1,h2,h3{font-weight:500;text-wrap:balance;line-height:1.2;margin:0}p{margin:0}.page{max-width:calc(var(--col) + var(--margin) + 3rem);margin:0 auto;padding-block:1.5rem 5rem}.row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,var(--col)) var(--margin);gap:3rem;align-items:start}.row>*{min-width:0}@media(max-width:58rem){.row{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem}}.runhead{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:.5rem 1.5rem;align-items:center;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:.6rem}.runhead .brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none}.runhead .brand:hover{background:none}.runhead nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.1rem}.runhead nav a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}.runhead nav a:hover,.runhead nav a[aria-current]{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline}.lang{display:flex;gap:.15rem}.lang button{font:inherit;color:var(--muted);background:none;border:1px solid transparent;padding:.05rem .35rem;cursor:pointer}.lang button[aria-pressed=true]{color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink)}.runhead-sub{font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);padding-top:.35rem;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap}.px{display:inline-block;color:var(--ink);image-rendering:pixelated;flex:none}.px svg{display:block;shape-rendering:crispEdges}.note{margin-top:2rem;border:1px dashed var(--rule);padding:.75rem 1rem;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.5 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.titleblock{padding-block:3.5rem 2rem;text-align:left}.titleblock .kicker{font:400 .6875rem/1 var(--pixel);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}.titleblock h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,5vw,var(--s3));font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin-top:1rem;max-width:20ch}.authors{margin-top:1.25rem;font-size:var(--s1)}.authors sup,.affil sup{font-size:.65em}.affil{margin-top:.25rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:var(--s-1);font-style:italic}.abstract{margin-top:2.25rem}.abstract h2,.sec-h{font:600 var(--s-1)/1 var(--serif);font-variant:small-caps;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:lowercase}.abstract p{margin-top:.6rem;hyphens:auto;text-wrap:pretty}.keywords{margin-top:1rem;font-size:var(--s-1)}.keywords b{font-weight:600;font-style:italic}.side{font-size:var(--s-1);line-height:1.5;color:var(--muted);display:grid;gap:1.25rem;padding-top:.25rem}.side dt{font:400 .6875rem/1 var(--pixel);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:.3rem}.side dd{margin:0}.portrait-fig{margin:0;width:max-content;max-width:100%}.portrait-frame{border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--ink);width:max-content;max-width:100%}.portrait{width:224px;max-width:100%;aspect-ratio:4 / 5;background-color:var(--ink);-webkit-mask:url(/img/portrait-light.png) center / 100% 100% no-repeat;mask:url(/img/portrait-light.png) center / 100% 100% no-repeat;image-rendering:pixelated}.portrait-fig figcaption{margin-top:.35rem;font-size:var(--s-1)}section.sec{margin-top:3.5rem}.sec-h{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.75rem;font-size:var(--s1);text-transform:none;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:0;font-weight:500;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:1rem}.sec-h .n{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted)}.tbl-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin-top:1.25rem}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:.9375rem;min-width:30rem}caption{caption-side:top;text-align:left;font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted);padding-bottom:.5rem}caption b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}thead th{border-top:1.5px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink)}tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--ink)}th,td{text-align:left;padding:.45rem .75rem .45rem 0;vertical-align:top}th{font-weight:600;font-size:var(--s-1)}td.mod{white-space:nowrap}td.refs{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:var(--s-1);white-space:nowrap}tr.now td{font-style:italic}.mods{display:inline-flex;gap:.3rem;vertical-align:-2px}ol.refs-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:1.25rem 0 0;display:grid;gap:1.5rem}.ref{display:grid;grid-template-columns:2.5rem minmax(0,1fr)}.ref .k{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted);padding-top:.2rem}.ref .plain{font-size:var(--s1);line-height:1.35}.ref .cite{margin-top:.35rem;font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted);line-height:1.5}.ref .cite i{color:var(--ink)}.ref .meta{margin-top:.45rem;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem 1rem;align-items:center;font:400 var(--s-1)/1 var(--mono)}.ref .meta .mods{vertical-align:0}.tag{font:400 .6875rem/1 var(--pixel);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.2rem .35rem}.me{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-style:dotted;text-underline-offset:2px}.excerpt{margin-top:1.5rem;border:1px solid var(--ink);padding:1.5rem clamp(1rem,3vw,2rem) 2rem;background:var(--paper)}.excerpt .crumb{font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.excerpt h3{font-size:var(--s2);margin-top:.75rem;max-width:26ch}.excerpt .orig{margin-top:.5rem;font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted);font-style:italic}.excerpt h4{font:600 var(--s-1)/1 var(--serif);font-variant:small-caps;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:lowercase;margin:1.75rem 0 .5rem}.excerpt p+p{margin-top:.75rem}.tldr{margin-top:1.5rem;background:var(--tint);padding:1rem 1.1rem;border-left:3px solid var(--ink)}.tldr .lbl{font:400 .6875rem/1 var(--pixel);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.tldr p{margin-top:.5rem;font-size:var(--s1);line-height:1.4}.contrib{margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid;gap:.35rem}.draft{font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}figure{margin:1.5rem 0 0}figcaption{font-size:var(--s-1);color:var(--muted);margin-top:.5rem;line-height:1.5}figcaption b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.chart{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;overflow:visible}.chart text{fill:var(--muted);font:400 11px var(--mono)}.chart .lab{fill:var(--ink);font:400 13px var(--serif)}.chart .val{fill:var(--ink);font:500 12px var(--mono)}.chart .grid{stroke:var(--rule);stroke-width:1}.chart .axis{stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1}.chart .bar,.chart .bar.hi{fill:var(--ink)}.plate{margin:2rem 0 0}.plate canvas{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:160 / 44;display:block;image-rendering:pixelated;border-top:1.5px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--ink)}.plate .ax{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font:400 .6875rem/1 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);margin-top:.35rem}.dither-demo{display:flex;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:1.25rem}.dither-demo figure{margin:0;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.3 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.dither-demo canvas{width:6rem;height:6rem;display:block;image-rendering:pixelated;border:1px solid var(--ink);margin-bottom:.35rem}.pipeline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem;align-items:center;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.3 var(--mono);margin-top:.5rem}.pipeline span.b{border:1px solid var(--ink);padding:.35rem .5rem}.pipeline span.a{color:var(--muted)}pre.bib{font:400 .75rem/1.55 var(--mono);background:var(--tint);padding:.9rem 1rem;overflow-x:auto;margin:.5rem 0 0;color:var(--ink)}.links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.25rem;font:400 var(--s-1)/1 var(--mono);margin-top:1.25rem}.copy{font:inherit;background:none;border:1px solid var(--rule);color:var(--ink);padding:.2rem .5rem;cursor:pointer}.copy:hover{border-color:var(--ink)}.rules{margin:1rem 0 0;padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid;gap:.4rem}footer.colophon{margin-top:4rem;border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding-top:.75rem;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.5 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.cursor{animation:blink 1.1s steps(1) infinite}@keyframes blink{50%{opacity:0}}}.skip{position:absolute;left:-999px}.skip:focus{left:1rem;top:1rem;background:var(--paper);padding:.5rem;z-index:10}.page-head{padding-block:3rem 1rem}.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(1.8rem,4.5vw,var(--s3));font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.01em}.page-head p{margin-top:1rem;color:var(--muted);max-width:60ch}.prose h2{font:600 var(--s-1)/1 var(--serif);font-variant:small-caps;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:lowercase;margin:2rem 0 .6rem}.prose h3{font-size:var(--s1);margin:1.75rem 0 .5rem}.prose p+p,.prose ul,.prose ol,.prose pre,.prose table{margin-top:.9rem}.prose p,.prose li{hyphens:auto;text-wrap:pretty}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid;gap:.35rem}.prose code{font:400 .875em var(--mono);background:var(--tint);padding:.08em .3em}.prose pre{font:400 .8125rem/1.55 var(--mono);background:var(--tint);padding:.9rem 1rem;overflow-x:auto}.prose pre code{background:none;padding:0;font-size:inherit}.prose pre.astro-code,.prose pre.astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-light);background-color:var(--tint)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]) .prose pre.astro-code,:root:not([data-theme=light]) .prose pre.astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark)}}:root[data-theme=dark] .prose pre.astro-code,:root[data-theme=dark] .prose pre.astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark)}.prose pre.astro-code span{background-color:transparent!important}.prose .tbl-wrap table{min-width:28rem}.prose blockquote{margin:1rem 0;padding:.1rem 0 .1rem 1rem;border-left:3px solid var(--ink);color:var(--muted)}.ref .plain a{color:inherit;text-decoration-color:var(--rule)}.ref .plain a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--link)}.line-group+.line-group{margin-top:3rem}.line-group h2{font-size:var(--s1);font-weight:500}.line-group h2 .n{font:400 var(--s-1)/1 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);margin-right:.5rem}.tut-list{display:grid;gap:1.75rem;margin-top:1.25rem}.tut{display:grid;gap:.45rem;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:1rem}.tut h3{font-size:var(--s1);font-weight:500}.tut h3 a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration-color:var(--rule)}.tut h3 a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--link)}.tut p{color:var(--muted)}.stack{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.35rem}.timeline{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:1.25rem 0 0;display:grid;gap:1.25rem}.timeline li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:7.5rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem}.timeline .when{font:400 var(--s-1)/1.6 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}@media(max-width:30rem){.timeline li{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:.1rem}}.langnote{font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);margin-top:1rem}.lines-table{min-width:0}.lines-table td.refs{white-space:normal}.lines-table td.refs a{margin-right:.25rem;display:inline-block}.prose .eq{text-align:center;font-size:var(--s1);margin:1.25rem 0;overflow-x:auto;white-space:nowrap}.prose table{margin-block:1rem}.prose table+p,.prose .tbl-wrap+p{margin-top:1rem}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]) .portrait{-webkit-mask-image:url(/img/portrait-dark.png);mask-image:url(/img/portrait-dark.png)}}:root[data-theme=dark] .portrait{-webkit-mask-image:url(/img/portrait-dark.png);mask-image:url(/img/portrait-dark.png)}.titleblock{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:1.5rem 3rem;align-items:center;padding-block:2.5rem 0}.title-text{min-width:0}.titleblock h1{max-width:24ch}.portrait-fig figcaption{max-width:224px}.titleblock+.row{margin-top:2.25rem}.row>.abstract{margin-top:0}.sec-h{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:1rem}@media(max-width:40rem){body{padding:0 1rem}.runhead{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;row-gap:.6rem}.runhead nav{grid-column:1 / -1;grid-row:2;gap:.25rem 1rem}.runhead-sub span:last-child{display:none}.titleblock{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 112px;gap:1rem;align-items:start;padding-top:2rem}.titleblock h1{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,7.2vw,2rem)}.authors{font-size:var(--s0)}.portrait{width:112px}.portrait-fig figcaption{display:none}.abstract p{text-align:left}section.sec{margin-top:2.75rem}.ref{grid-template-columns:2.1rem minmax(0,1fr)}.ref .plain{font-size:1.125rem}.excerpt,.prose{font-size:1rem}.tldr p{font-size:1.0625rem}}.prose>table{display:block;overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%}@media(max-width:40rem){.runhead-sub{font-size:.75rem}.prose .eq{font-size:1rem;text-align:left}}.ref .short{margin-top:.3rem;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.45 var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.ref details{margin-top:.35rem}.ref details summary{cursor:pointer;font:400 var(--s-1)/1.4 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);list-style:none;display:inline}.ref details summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.ref details summary:before{content:"+ "}.ref details[open] summary:before{content:"− "}.ref details summary:hover{color:var(--ink)}.ref details .cite{margin-top:.4rem}.stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(7.5rem,1fr));gap:1px;background:var(--rule);border:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:1.5rem}.stats div{background:var(--paper);padding:.75rem .8rem;display:grid;gap:.25rem;align-content:start}.stats b{font:500 var(--s2)/1 var(--serif);font-variant-numeric:lining-nums tabular-nums}.stats span{font:400 .6875rem/1.3 var(--pixel);letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}.prose figure,.prose .anim{margin-block:1.75rem 2rem}.profiles{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem 1.25rem;margin-top:.9rem;font:400 var(--s-1)/1 var(--mono)}.profiles a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;padding:.2rem 0}.profiles a span{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--rule);text-underline-offset:3px}.profiles a:hover{background:none;color:var(--link)}.profiles a:hover span{text-decoration-color:var(--link)}.profiles .px{color:currentColor}.page-head.wide p{max-width:none}.arch{margin:1.75rem 0 2rem}.arch svg{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;overflow:visible}.arch text{fill:var(--ink);font:400 7.5px var(--mono);text-anchor:middle}.arch .h{font:500 9.5px var(--serif)}.arch .s{fill:var(--muted);font-size:6.8px}.arch .m{font:400 8px var(--mono)}.arch [data-gen] .m,.arch [data-tok] .m{font-size:6.6px}.arch .l,.arch text[text-anchor=start]{text-anchor:start}.arch text[text-anchor=end]{text-anchor:end}.arch .box{fill:none;stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1}.arch .sub{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:.7}.arch .arr{stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1.2;marker-end:none}.arch .res{stroke:var(--muted);stroke-width:1;stroke-dasharray:3 2}.arch .tok{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:.7}.arch .dec{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:2}.arch .case-btn{cursor:pointer}.arch .case-btn rect{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--rule)}.arch .case-btn[aria-pressed=true] rect{stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1.4}.arch .case-btn text{font-size:7px}.arch [data-hide]{visibility:hidden}.lang-a{font:inherit;color:var(--muted);border:1px solid transparent;padding:.05rem .35rem;text-decoration:none}.lang-a[aria-current]{color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink)}.lang-a:hover{background:none;color:var(--ink)}